Image Quality and Exposure Control for Over-the-Table X-ray Systems Using a Flat-panel Detector
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
54-59
Received:
16 August 2017
Accepted:
19 October 2017
Published:
10 November 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.rst.20170306.11
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Abstract: Quality control (QC) is essential for ensuring that the X-ray images produced by fluoroscopy systems are of sufficient quality to provide adequate diagnostic information consistently with the least possible radiation exposure. However, there are limited data on QC (image quality and radiation exposure) in fluoroscopy systems with over-the-table X-ray tubes. We describe a QC protocol for over-the-table fluoroscopy systems. We checked the image quality of over-the-table system using QC phantoms. In this study, over-the-table X-ray system with a flat-panel detector (FPD) was used. The X-ray outputs (i.e., kVp, mA, pulse width) of over-the-table system were evaluated simultaneously. Some QC data (e.g., radiation output and image quality) were scattered, especially when a smaller QC phantom was used, because AEC errors may occur due to inconsistent measurement geometry. Thus, we recommend the use of a phantom holder and beam-limiting tool with a small QC phantom to maintain the measurement geometry of the phantom and X-ray beam. QC is important for over-the-table fluoroscopy systems, as well as under-the-table systems. We cannot ignore QC in over-the-table systems. Generally, the QC protocol for over-the-table systems should be the same as that for under-the-table systems.
Abstract: Quality control (QC) is essential for ensuring that the X-ray images produced by fluoroscopy systems are of sufficient quality to provide adequate diagnostic information consistently with the least possible radiation exposure. However, there are limited data on QC (image quality and radiation exposure) in fluoroscopy systems with over-the-table X-r...
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Public Exposure Due to Natural Radioactivity in Madagascar Uranium Zone Using Direct and Indirect Method, Case of Vatovory Abandoned Site and Its Surroundings
Razafindramiandra Hary Andrianarimanana,
Randriamora Tiana Harimalala,
Rasolonirina Martin,
Ralaivelo Mbolatiana Anjarasoa Luc.,
Randrianarivony Edmond,
Randriantseheno Hery Fanja,
Randriantsizafy Ralainirina Dina
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
60-67
Received:
6 October 2017
Accepted:
28 October 2017
Published:
20 November 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.rst.20170306.12
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Abstract: The rural Municipality of Vinaninkarena (19°57'21.9"S; 47°02'22.1"E) has abandoned uranium site, located in the Vatovory village. The uranium mining has been exploited by CEA (Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique) French Company between 1946 and 1952. After closing of exploitation, the hazards of internal and external exposures persist, because most of the populations are not aware of the harmfulness effects of the ionizing radiations. In fact, this present work enable to compare the results of the mean annual effective dose received by the population in the outdoor and the indoor of the studied areas using direct method TLD dosimeters and IdentiFinder; and the indirect method from the soil radioactivity measurement for the external exposure. The obtained results of annual effective dose have been compared with the three international (UNSCEAR 2000, BSS 115, and GS Part 3 Interim), and the national (Radiation Protection Regulation in Madagascar) references values. It has been established that the direct method using Thermoluminescent Dosimeters (TLDs) and IdentiFinder are shown more efficient of the received dose assessment compared to the indirect method. In addition, the dose rate values provided by the IdentiFinder spectrometer are relatively similar to the value indicated by the individual TLDs using the correlation plot.
Abstract: The rural Municipality of Vinaninkarena (19°57'21.9"S; 47°02'22.1"E) has abandoned uranium site, located in the Vatovory village. The uranium mining has been exploited by CEA (Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique) French Company between 1946 and 1952. After closing of exploitation, the hazards of internal and external exposures persist, because most o...
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Evaluation of Natural Radioactivity Levels and Radiological Hazards in Soil Samples of Sarıkamış Province, Kars, Turkey
Gülçin Bilgici Cengiz,
Aslı Çağlar
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
68-73
Received:
3 August 2017
Accepted:
8 November 2017
Published:
13 December 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.rst.20170306.13
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Abstract: In this study, the activity concentrations of 121 soil samples gathered from diverse places of Sarıkamış of Kars were found out employing NaI (Tl) gamma spectrometry. It was monitored that the concentration of the natural radionuclides 40K, 226Ra and 232Th in the soil samples altered from 148.0±31.2 to 909.2±38.4 Bqkg-1, BDL to 38.1±8.9 Bqkg-1 and 7.6±0.7 to 53.0±7.4 Bqkg-1, respectively. Also relatively low deposits of 137Cs were found in the investigated area, where the activity concentrations ranged from BDL to 21.0±1.1 Bqkg-1. The determined average values of activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K were employed to work out the radiation hazard indices in soil samples. The total observed dose rate in the working area varied from 18.4 to 87.7 nGyh-1 with the mean value of 46.9 nGyh-1 and also the annual effective dose ranged between 22.6 and 107.5 µSv with the average value of 57.7 µSv. It was observed that the values established whenever compared to the world values allowed are under the standard limits for the environment.
Abstract: In this study, the activity concentrations of 121 soil samples gathered from diverse places of Sarıkamış of Kars were found out employing NaI (Tl) gamma spectrometry. It was monitored that the concentration of the natural radionuclides 40K, 226Ra and 232Th in the soil samples altered from 148.0±31.2 to 909.2±38.4 Bqkg-1, BDL to 38.1±8.9 Bqkg-1 and ...
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